Native Plants for Bees: A Guide

Why Are Native Plants Important for Bees?

Before we dive into the best native plants for bees, let's first discuss why they're so important. Native plants have co-evolved with local wildlife, including bees, over thousands of years. This means that they provide the right type of pollen and nectar that bees need to survive and thrive. Non-native plants often don't offer the same benefits, which can lead to malnutrition and other health issues for bees.

In addition to providing essential nutrition, native plants also help support biodiversity. They provide habitat and food for a wide range of insects, birds, and other animals, making them an important part of any healthy ecosystem.

The Best Native Plants for Bees

Now that we know why native plants are important, let's look at the best ones for supporting bees. Keep in mind that different types of bees prefer different plants, so it's best to include a variety in your garden.

1. Wild Bergamot (Monarda fistulosa)

Wild bergamot is a beautiful purple flower that's a favorite of many bees, including honeybees and bumblebees. It blooms from mid-summer to early fall and can grow up to four feet tall. This plant prefers full sun and well-drained soil.

How to Grow:

To grow wild bergamot, by planting seeds in the spring or fall. The seeds need a cold period to germinate, so you can either plant them outside in the fall or put them in the fridge for a few weeks before planting. Once the seeds have sprouted, water regularly and make sure to keep the soil moist.

Benefits:

Wild bergamot provides a rich source of nectar for bees and other pollinators. It's also a great addition to any garden thanks to its beautiful blooms and unique fragrance.

2. Purple Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea)

Purple coneflower is a hardy perennial that's easy to grow and provides abundant nectar for bees. It blooms from mid-summer to early fall and can grow up to three feet tall. This plant prefers full sun and well-drained soil.

How to Grow:

To grow purple coneflower, by planting seeds in the spring or fall. The seeds need light to germinate, so don't cover them with soil. Once the plants have sprouted, water regularly and make sure to keep the soil moist.

Benefits:

Purple coneflower is a great source of nectar for bees and other pollinators. It's also a beautiful addition to any garden, with its unique cone-shaped flowers and vibrant purple color.

3. Goldenrod (Solidago spp.)

Goldenrod is a hardy perennial that's native to North America. It blooms from late summer to early fall and can grow up to six feet tall. This plant prefers full sun and well-drained soil.

How to Grow:

To grow goldenrod, by planting seeds in the spring or fall. The seeds need light to germinate, so don't cover them with soil. Once the plants have sprouted, water regularly and make sure to keep the soil moist.

Benefits:

Goldenrod is an excellent source of nectar for bees and other pollinators. It's also a great choice for gardens thanks to its beautiful yellow flowers and hardy nature.

4. New England Aster (Symphyotrichum novae-angliae)

New England aster is a hardy perennial that's native to North America. It blooms from late summer to early fall and can grow up to six feet tall. This plant prefers full sun and well-drained soil.

How to Grow:

To grow New England aster, by planting seeds in the spring or fall. The seeds need light to germinate, so don't cover them with soil. Once the plants have sprouted, water regularly and make sure to keep the soil moist.

Benefits:

New England aster is a wonderful source of nectar for bees and other pollinators. It's also a beautiful addition to any garden, with its vibrant purple flowers and hardy nature.

Other Tips for Supporting Bees

In addition to planting native plants, there are several other ways you can support bees in your garden. Here are a few tips:

1. Provide Shelter

Bees need shelter to survive, especially during the winter months. You can create bee hotels by drilling holes in pieces of wood or bundling hollow stems together. Place these shelters in a sunny spot in your garden.

2. Avoid Pesticides

Pesticides can be harmful to bees and other beneficial insects. Instead, try using natural pest control methods, such as companion planting and handpicking pests.

3. Provide Water

Bees need water to survive, especially during hot weather. You can create a simple bee waterer by filling a shallow dish with water and adding some rocks for the bees to land on.

4. Plant in Clumps

Bees are more attracted to large clumps of flowers than scattered individual plants. Try planting several of the same type of plant together to create a larger patch.

FAQs

1. Do all bees prefer the same types of flowers?

No, different types of bees prefer different flowers. It's best to include a variety of native plants in your garden to support a range of bee species.

2. Can non-native plants also provide food for bees?

While some non-native plants can provide food for bees, native plants are generally better suited to their needs. Non-native plants may not offer the same nutritional benefits or may be less attractive to bees.

3. What should I do if I see a bee swarm in my garden?

If you see a bee swarm, it's best to contact a local beekeeper or pest control professional. Do not try to handle the swarm yourself, as this can be dangerous.

4. How can I tell if a plant is native to my area?

You can check with your local nursery or do some research online to find out which plants are native to your area. Look for plants that are adapted to your climate and soil type.

5. Can I still have a beautiful garden while supporting bees?

Absolutely! Native plants can be just as beautiful as non-native plants, and they offer many benefits for both bees and other wildlife. Plus, supporting biodiversity is an important part of maintaining a healthy ecosystem.